A wake up Call essays

A reminder expositions Martin Scorseses Gangs of New York is true to life magnum opus and was discharged with much buzz in the year 2002. Truly, many animating scenes in the film overwhelmed me. The plot focuses on mid 1800s racial disdain and political defilement in the Five Points segment of New York City. I never truly scrutinized the history in the film until I as of late read Professor DiGirolamos audit, Such, Such Were the Bhoys... DiGirolamos clothing rundown of authentic errors helped me go to a terminal acknowledgment. Posses of New York was never assume to be utilized as a verifiable content, yet rather, Scorsese needed to show us something the present. The timespan (mid 1800s), and plot planned by Scorsese is a sharp illustration to the territory of New York City and America after September eleventh. The film fills in as a reminder to the potential good rot that will emit if present day contempt towards Arabs proceed. This is the message Scorsese needs the watcher to take from the film, instead of a progressively close to home, and precise comprehension of American history during the mid 1800s. After September 11, 2001, there was a lot of disdain and racial scorn towards Arabs and even Middle Eastern looking people. Despise violations and negative mentalities toward Arabs emerged, particularly in 2002, the year Gangs of New York was discharged. Scorsese utilizes the film as an illustration what exactly is going on in the present. The last scene was one of the most political and amazing scenes in the film. Amsterdam and Jenny are in a burial ground, and the horizon changes from mid 1800s to the present. Right in the center of the screen stands the Twin Towers. The changing horizon toward the end is Scorseses method of instructing us to use previous history, and take a gander at the current circumstance of racial segregation. The Natives, drove by Bill The Butcher Cunning represent present day Americans in the film. The I ... <!

World Music and World Markets †Free Samples to Students

Question: Talk about the World Music and World Markets. Answer: Presentation: This video primarily discusses the lovely film called a Great Day in Harlem by one of the popular picture takers called Art Kane. He was not so much as an expert picture taker at that point and furthermore didn't have his own studio. This film is somewhat chronicled proof as it saw the social affair of a huge gathering of well known Jazz performers together for getting an image tapped on the extraordinary issue of the Esquire magazine. This didn't just satisfied the artist to be called for getting them tapped on an image yet in addition for having the option to meet the entirety of their companions, partners, and co-artists after so long. The best thing was that this film could without much of a stretch be all around acknowledged by all the jazz performers and different watchers as it mirrored the normal everyday action of Harlem instead of any club. At first, Art Kanes couldn't locate a reasonable spot for getting this image yet then he used the opportunity of social affair all the It is incredible to take the best five performers ever from various locales and snap the picture with them. This would most likely improve the class of music to which it could be raised. The extraordinary five performers are Michael Jackson, Antonio Carlos Jobim, Abdul Haleem Hafiz, Hugh Masekela and Paul McCartney (Taylor, 2014). This photograph could be taken in India since India has been rendered as a pioneer place for thee love of music. Michael Jackson is the popular American popular music symbol; Jobim is a renowned Brazilian arranger and musician. Abdul Haleem Hafiz is likewise an unmistakable name in the Egyptian school of music. Hugh Masekela is an incredible South African trumpeter and Paul McCartney is the British music arranger and individual from music band Beatles (Taylor, 2014). References Cunningham, K. E. (2017). Jazz Day: The Making of a Famous Photograph.Language Arts,94(6), 424. Jazz Docu - A Great Day In Harlem - Art Kane 1958 ( Full ). (1958). [film] Hollywood. Taylor, T. D. (2014).Global pop: World music, world markets. Routledge.

12 Amazing Memoirs by Women

12 Amazing Memoirs by Women This post is sponsored by Where Am I Now? by Mara Wilson A former child actor best known for her starring roles in Matilda and Mrs. Doubtfire, Mara Wilson has always felt a little young and out of place: as the only kid on a film set full of adults, the first daughter in a house full of boys, and a grown-up the world still remembers as a little girl. Tackling everything from what she learned about sex on the set of Melrose Place, to discovering in adolescence that she was no longer “cute” enough for Hollywood, these essays chart her journey from accidental fame to relative (but happy) obscurity. When The Liars Club came out in 1995, it was a smash success, staying on the New York Times bestseller list for over a year, and kicking off the memoir craze that persists to this day. Before Mary Karrs book, successful memoirs mostly came from celebrities, people who were already famous  in the public eye. (This was also before the internet, when almost every detail about a celebrity was not just a Wikipedia page away.) But something about Karrs story of poverty and mental illness spoke to readers, and had publishers clamoring for more like it. In the decades since the publication of The Liars Club, the world has seen thousands of amazing memoirs by women, like The Glass Castle and Wild,  reach the best seller lists, as well as older memoirs being introduced to younger  audiences. There is no end to the amazing stories women have to tell. For starters, here are twelve really great ones. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou The first in Angelous seven-volume autobiography, this memoir recounts her years from age three, when she and her brother are sent to live with their grandmother in Arkansas, to when she became a mother at the young age of sixteen. It is a beautiful, brutal piece of literature and a gorgeous testament to the power of nonfiction. Lakota Woman by Mary Crow Dog Mary Crow Dogs account of growing up amidst poverty and violence on Rosebud Indian Reservation in South Dakota, and fighting back against her circumstances by joining the tribal pride movement of the sixties and seventies and marrying a famous Native American activist. Even through all the horrors, she manages to  fill her story with hope and wry humor. Wave by Sonali Deraniyagala This is Deraniyagalas remarkably honest account of surviving and still surviving   after her parents, husband, and sons were swept away in a tsunami  at a beach resort on the coast of Sri Lanka in 2004. It is as devestating and heartbreaking as you would imagine, and also wonderful in the way she describes grief and how she refuses to see her losses as something she has to get over or that life is even still worth living. Dont Lets Go to the Dogs Tonight: An African Childhood by Alexandra Fuller Unflinching and amazing, Dont Lets Go to the Dogs Tonight is the true story  of Fullers childhood, which was spent growing up in Rhodesia during the civil war to a father  who fought on the side of the white government, while her mother tried to raise her children to love Africa and its inhabitants. Smart without being preachy, and sentimental without being mushy, this is a stellar book. Rat Girl: A Memoir by Kristin Hersh Hersh composed this memoir from her teenage journal, the year she started a band (Throwing Muses!), was diagnosed with bipolar disorder and found out she was pregnant. She writes beautifully, with a really unique voice, and her story is often sad, but she never allows you to feel that way, because shes so damn funny, and unselfconscious about it all. Possibly my favorite memoir of all time. West with the Night by Beryl Markham Born Beryl Clutterbuck in England, Markham led an extraordinary life, which accounts for why this memoir is so fascinating! From a childhood in Kenya to her life as an adventurer, a racehorse trainer, and an aviatrix she  became the first person to fly nonstop from Europe to America andthe first woman to fly solo east to west across the Atlantic this book is an inspiring  story of daring and passion. Redefining Realness: My Path to Womanhood, Identity, Love So Much More by Janet Mock Mock describes  her experiences of growing up young, multiracial, poor, and trans in America, and what it means to be yourself at any cost. Inspiring and informative, Mock provides insight into the challenges faced by people searching for their sense of self, and  pushes us to do better and be kinder to one another . Persepolis: The Story of a Childhood by Marjane Satrapi, Mattias Ripa (Translator) Satrapis story of growing up in Iran during the Islamic Revolution is not only an incredibly important memoir, but one of the first huge graphic memoirs to make it big. Satrapis tale is at times funny, scary, political, and hopeful, and shows us what amazing things can be conveyed  with words and pictures. First They Killed My Father: A Daughter of Cambodia Remembers by Loung Ung Ung was the five-year-old child of a high-ranking Cambodian official in 1975 when  Pol Pots Khmer Rouge army took the city, forcing her family to flee. Ung was separated from her siblings, and raised as a child soldier in a work camp, and was not reunited with her siblings until the Pol Pot and his army were defeated. This is a harrowing tale of loss and love in the face of brutality. Just Kids by Patti Smith Winner of the 2012 National Book Award for Nonfiction, Smiths beautiful memoir tells the story of two young kids in love her and artist Robert Mapplethorpe trying to get buy in NYC as they seek fame and happiness in the 1970s. Smiths memoir is written so precisely, its so perfectly put together, that its almost like you are there with her. She is a living legend. Men We Reaped by Jesmyn Ward Ward is the author of the amazing National Book Award winning novel Salvage the Bones, and she brings the same intensity and sorrow to her nonfiction. Men We Reaped is a heart-wrenching important look at Wards life in the small town of DeLisle, Mississippi, and the young African-American men she has known who have lost their lives to drugs, suicide, and gun violence. Its a chilling and important story of culture and race in America. The Sound of Gravel: A Memoir by Ruth Wariner Warnier grew up on a farm in rural Mexico, the thirty-ninth of her polygamist father’s forty-two children. Raised in poverty without electricity or indoor plumbing, Warnier and her siblings and mother lived  in fear of her fathers religion, which basicaly said they were nothing more than property. When her father was murdered by his brother, her mother remarried another member of the church, who shuffled the family from Mexico to the United States and back. This is Wariners account of her horrifying, unbelievable  childhood, and how she finally began to question her mothers choices and start thinking for herself. Also In This Story Stream View all best memoirs posts--> Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

The Middle Ages Western Europe from 500-1500 AD - 587 Words

The Middle Ages: Western Europe from 500 1500 The breakdown of political order in Europe at the sacking of Rome meant that defense within Europe became a local affair, and the structure of feudalism meant that the peasantry was protected by the knighthood, and the knighthood supported by the labor of the peasantry. This politically anarchic system would slowly form into recognizable states that were defined by language and territorial boundaries. The political disunion of Europe into small feudal kingdoms first gave way to some form of a state when in 800 AD Charlemagne of the Franks was crowned Holy Roman Emperor, restoring to some degree the consensus of order. (Camino de Santiago, 1991) The Vikings extended their pillages across Europe and destroyed countless lives in their pursuit of glory. Likewise, Muslim armies as well as Genghis Khan marched through Europe on voyages of conquest. Along with the breakdown of order in Rome came a change in the economy of Europe. Without a commo n currency system, bartering became the necessary tool for trade. The form of a barter could be either by service or goods, and merchants who traveled between cities were protected by their own security. Soon enough, the lords realized that they could facilitate these traders in their journeys by commissioning ships, as well as caravans, that would increase the efficiency of trade. Some cities were better suited for this, and these cities became the capitals of Europe, cities like Milan,Show MoreRelatedThe History of the Western World from 500 B.C. to 1500 A.D.1178 Words   |  5 Pagespolitically, socially, historically and economically. In this paper we shall examine the western world historically. Specifically we will examine the period between 500 B.C and 1500 A.D. Examine the most significant person, event, movement or occurrence. This period was the medieval period that was an era experienced in Europe during this time. The dark ages were also experienced during this time between 500 A.D and 900 A.D. This period starts in the fall of the Roman Empire which witnessed decayRead MoreThe Periodization of the History of Western Europe1669 Words   |  7 Pagesthe periodization of the history of Western Europe during the Middle Ages into three eras: the Early Middle Ages (5th-11th Centuries AD); the High Middle Ages (1000-1300 AD); and the Late Middle Ages (1300-1500). Construction of the great Gothic cathedrals began during the High Middle Ages, which was an era that experienced a dramatic re-emergence of urban life and an increasing sophistication in secular culture (Singman xi). Major events in the High Middle Ages include the conquest of England byRead MoreChristianity And The Middle Ages1376 Words   |  6 Pages Christianity during the middle ages had to overcome many people and to need to evolve in order to grow as fast as its leading religion which was islamic faith. When the religion was in its prime of evolving it need to become a stable and function community which during war it felt very unlike to. So as Christianity began to grow many followers and believers had to lose their lives because others didn’t agree with them. Since Christianity is one of the most dominant religion containing more thanRead MoreEssay on The Arabic Invasion1318 Words   |  6 Pagespower in the world. By the 11th century AD, the Islamic society could boast of a number of cultural and technical centers of leaning with eminent scholars of all the known disciplines of the time. Thus, when the Arab-Islamic armies invaded distant lands, they carried the rich cultural, political and economic heritage of their expanding civilization and created such conditions as to establish deep roots and to bring about en during geopolitical changes. Western Europe of the medieval period was no exceptionRead MoreHow Truth Was Defined By Medieval Europeans1696 Words   |  7 Pagesthese cultures these questions have different answers because of the various regions; for example medieval Europe had multiple cultures that traversed throughout everywhere and caused truth to be defined by the beliefs of that region. Medieval Europe lasted from the 5th to the 15th century and began with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire causing this time to become known as the dark ages because the great civilizations of Rome and Greece had been conquered. Very few people during this time couldRead MoreHistory of Science Technology in Indian Subcontinent5042 Words   |  21 Pages * History of Indian subcontinent | Stone age (7000–3000 BC)[show] * Mehrgarh Culture (7000–3300 BC) | Bronze age (3000–1300 BC)[show] * Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1700 BC) *   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Early Harappan Culture (3300–2600 BC) *   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Mature Harappan Culture (2600–1900 BC) *   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Late Harappan Culture (1700–1300 BC) * Ochre Coloured Pottery culture (from 2000 BC) * Swat culture (1600–500 BC) | Iron age (1200–26 BC)[show] * Vedic period (2000–500 BC) *   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Black and Red ware culture (1300–1000Read MoreArgumentative Essay on Telivision Is the Leading Cause of Violence in Todays Society9353 Words   |  38 PagesPolished Ware (Iron Age) Indo-Gangetic TraditionThe Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) was a Bronze Age civilization (3300–1300 BCE; mature period 2600–1900 BCE) that was located in the western region[1] of the Indian Subcontinent[2][3]. Flourishing around the Indus River basin, the civilization[n 1] primarily centered along the Indus and the Punjab region, extending into the Ghaggar-Hakra River valley[7] and the Ganges-Yamuna Doab,[8][9] encompassing most of what is now Pakistan, the western states of modern-dayRead MoreThe Arab-Israeli Conflict Essay3003 Words   |  13 Pagesthe middle ages. Since then there has been continual conflict between the Arabs and the Israelis. From about 1500 BC, the Jewish people have lived in the land of Palestine. In the first century AD, Palestine was controlled by the powerful Romans. In AD 70 and again in AD 135 the Jews revolted against their Roman Rulers. The Romans crushed both the revolts severely and destroyed the city of Jerusalem, which included most of the temple, and expelled them from their landsRead MoreChapter 1 Apush Notes [Americas History]2669 Words   |  11 Pagessurvivors into slavery-- forced to work on sugar plantations The Native American Experience The First Americans 1st movement-- Migrants from Asia crossed 100 mile wide land bridge that connected Siberia and Alaska during Ice Age-- 1st Americans Asians and Native Americans have a genetic marker on their Y Chromosomes that proves that they migrated from about 15k to 9k years ago Glaciers melt-- Bering Strait 8k yrs ago-- 2nd movement of people through Bering Strait brought Navajos/Apaches Read MoreThe Virus Of Corporations And Capitalism2101 Words   |  9 Pagesof Corporations and Capitalism Symptoms include: obesity, poverty, and chronic pain More than 1.9 billion adults were recorded as overweight in 2014. Of these, just under 1 billion were obese; this is 39% of adults. 42 million children under the age of 5 were overweight or obese in 2013. Worldwide, obesity has more than doubled in the last 30 years. 13% of the world’s adult population is overweight. Obesity leads to heart disease, some cancers, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, respiratory

What Is an Experimental Constant

A constant is a quantity that does not change. Although you can measure a constant, you either cannot alter it during an experiment or else you choose not to change it. Contrast this with an experimental variable, which is the part of an  experiment that is affected by the experiment.  There are two main types of constants you may encounter in experiments: true constants and control constants. Here is an explanation of these constants, with examples. Physical Constants Physical constants are quantities which you cannot change. They may be calculated or defined. Examples: Avogadros number, pi, the speed of light, Plancks constant Control Constants Control constants or control variables are quantities a researcher holds steady during an experiment. Even though the value or state of a control constant may not change, it is important to record the constant so the experiment may be reproduced. Examples: temperature, day/night, duration of a test, pH

Samsung vs. Apple New Foundation and Platform Free Essays

This paper is based on the article titled ‘Samsung vs Apple, The Battle for Design Dominance’ written by Haydn Shaughnessy and retrieved from www. forbes. com. We will write a custom essay sample on Samsung vs. Apple: New Foundation and Platform or any similar topic only for you Order Now The article is about Samsung vs Apple executing a new foundation and platform for business strategy. This is a key change in the business strategy of the software organization. This material is very important and relevant to the course content of business strategy because of the following reasons: ? It talks about business strategy of one of the leading cell phone organization in the country and how it is changing its business strategy to adapt to the changing environment. It helps us understand the importance of change in business strategy with changing times. ?It talks about computation and new business strategy which includes Social strategy, platform strategy and radical adjacencies. This helps us understand the change a new business strategy brings in any organization. There are also many practical managerial implications of this material: It talks about the social media strategy of Samsung battle with Apple and how their new design studio has the ability to bring software and hardware together in a new way. It gives us an idea about how important it is to get the demographics write on the social media and adapt or strategy accordingly. Secondly the article also helps us understand the importance of Samsung and platform in a banking organization further emphasizing on good quality software. Thirdly, it stresses on the importance of radical changes in operations to adapt to the changing markets, which can be the only survival strategy. ARTICLE RETRIVED FROM http://www. forbes. com/sites/haydnshaughnessy/2013/03/17/samsung-vs-apple-when-design-thinking-came-to-town/2/ / How to cite Samsung vs. Apple: New Foundation and Platform, Essay examples

Tech For Special Ed Essay Example For Students

Tech For Special Ed Essay DYNAMYTEDuring my visit to a Technology Center, I was able to view various technological devices used for assisting disabled students. While many of the devices intrigued me, I found the machine DynaMyte to be the most impressive. The machine is used to help students to communicate. This machine has a touch screen that enables students to put sentences together. The screen consists of twenty-five boxes, which link to different aspects of a chosen topic. For instance, if a student touched the ?Home? topic, they will be linked to another page containing various sub-topics associated with the home. By choosing various words, the students can arrange sentences. With a touch of the screen, the computer through synthesized speech, communicates the sentence that the student has produced. The device is also useful by keeping track of the words they have created for their sentence. This device is used to help students who posses a lack of motor abilities, speech impediments, autism, cerebral palsy, as well as other disabilities. The machine has several ?switches? which the consumer could purchase, to help them compensate for their particular disability. The machine typically costs between seven and eight thousand dollars. The price can increase with several additives. Be sides the ?switches?, the consumer could also opt for a larger screen, which would bring up the price of the DynaMyte. This machine was created to be a compact version of the DynaBox, which is twice the size of the DynaMyte. This machine is very useful in helping students to communicate. Though the instructor did mention noted concern about the students desire to pursue speaking by themselves, she stated that the overall opinion of this machine was optimistic. Technology

The Story of Picchi

Melting Pot Essays - Melting Pot, Abstract, The Melting Pot

Melting Pot Essays - Melting Pot, Abstract, The Melting Pot Melting Pot Melting Pot Mr. Bellamy Jeremy Howard [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] Jeremy Howard Mr. Bellamy English 122: Academic Writing II 4-3-2012 Shortly after birth, most Americans have the ethic/racial group identity of their biological parents placed on their birth certificates. This provides an identity (even though it may be a false one) for children that will usually stay with them throughout their lives and will have a major impact on how they see themselves and how others see them as well. It often restricts their choices of friends and marriage partners, especially in the ?south? where most people are reluctant to let the past be just that. In some instances being categorized may create roadblocks in education, careers, and the neighborhood in which they wish to live. When I was a little boy, no one ever asked me what race I was. It was a non-issue, and, as a matter of fact I cannot remember being asked verbally, at any time throughout my life what my race was. I hear some people say I?m one-third this, half of that, and a quarter of this. I find that to be totally ridiculous, how can you truly know what really lies within your blood, people go back so far that it is virtually impossible to track your entire blood-line, (unless your family is royalty or the worlds best record keepers). We are all a melting pot of races, cultures, and backgrounds. In some cases people see a person of darker skin color and automatically assume that this person must be ?black?, or having African American parents, when in fact they could be assuming incorrectly. Some Dominicans have darker skin, for example, David ?Big Papi? Ortiz. Born in the Dominican Republic most people would automatically assume that his origin is African American, simply because of his skin color. Not only is it dangerous to put people in these small categorized boxes it is also wrong. As I stated earlier, we are all comprised of different things, why can?t we simply be called people. Many Americans of mixed ancestry do not fully identify with the single race/ethnic category that they have been assigned to and do not feel comfortable with it. For instance, when one parent is of European and Chinese descent and the other is African and Native American, what single category would their children fit into? For many Americans with complex ancestries such as this, the answer is that they are multi-ethnic. The number of these multi-racial children in America has doubled during each of the last three decades. We as people are a constantly moving organism. To think that anyone has the exact same genetic makeup as his or her first ancestors is a far stretch of the imagination. I believe that people have a need to clarify what race or ethnicity we are simply because they long to be different. Simply being different is not good enough. I also believe that it gives people a sense of pride to be able to say these are my ancestors and so, this is who I am. While some people long to keep their heritage alive others are desperately trying to forget theirs. For me to know that my heritage began in a slave house is hurtful, I do not long to see my great, great, great grand father bound and chained, those are stories I could go a lifetime without hearing. But on the other hand, some people have very rich and lush heritages, and they enjoy hearing about their ancestors. I do not have a problem with that, but my problem lies with the people that believe that, either they are a pure race, or believe that each person should be fitted into an ethnic box. It simply isn?t possible. Most people around the world are identified in terms of ethnic and or racial identity at birth; however, ethnicity is not a static phenomenon. Ethnic groups can change through time in complex ways. Similarly, individual identity in heterogeneous societies today, such as the United States, Canada, and Brazil, can also be flexible-individuals may identify themselves as being members of different ethnic groups or

Yamaha Marketing Channels Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Yamaha Marketing Channels - Research Paper Example When the Company started, it manufactured auto parts, scooters, sewing machines and even three wheeled motors. However, due to the stiff competition from other manufacturers of these machines, the Yamaha Company specialized on the production of motorcycle. In the year 1954, the first model of Yamaha motorbike (YA-1) was complete. After a rigorous road test of the this motorbike, the founders of Yamaha Company built a factory too start the mass manufacturing of the YA-1 motorbike at a place called Nipon Gakki. On first of July 1955, the Yamaha Motor Co., LTD was founded. During that year, the Company had over 270 who were able to manufacture 200 YA-1 motorcycles in one month. This fast growth influenced the company to engage its motor cycles into the two top races in Japan; the Asma Highlands race and the Fuji mountain race. In the year 1956, the Company came up with another model; the YC1, followed by YD-1 in the year 1957. Two year after Yamaha’s engagement in motorbike races , they made a step into the International racing in the year 1958. They finished in the sixth position in the Catalina Grand Prix, and became the first Japanese motorbike to compete in an International race. The participation of Yamaha in the Catalina grand Prix gave this brand an international recognition, since many people worldwide began appreciating the Yamaha technology, especially in the USA (Smokie, 2013). That same year, the Company began marketing their own machines independently in the United States of America. Two years later after this venture, an American motor Company, The Cooper Motors, started selling the YD-1 and the MF-1 bikes from the Yamaha Motor Co., LTD. This continued up to the year 1960, when the Yamaha International Company begun advertising motorcycles in the United States of America through merchants. Having explored the motorcycle market, Genichi, the President of Yamaha International, began focusing on manufacturing of outboard boats and the Yamaha motor boats (Smokie Riders, 2013). In 1966, the Yamaha Company opened motorcycle-manufacturing industries in Mexico and Thailand. In late 1960s, Yamaha produced an off road motorcycle, DT-1 model. This off road model brought a very huge impact in the motorbike industry in the United States and was a very big success to the Yamaha Company. In the year 1972, the Toyota and Yamaha Companies came together and designed the Toyota 200 GT. With more inventions in the Yamaha International, the Company continued to grow in terms of the machines they manufactured. Among the machines that they created since then includes; race kart engines, snowmobiles, ATVs, generators, scooters, and personal watercraft. The greatness of the Yamaha International Company is attributed to its first President, Mr. Genichi Kawakami, who believed that, production of goods with character and honesty in service to the clients is the key to success of any business. Activities of Yamaha International Corporation Apart from manufacturing of electronics and automobiles, the Yamaha Company has engaged in so many activities. The Company is involved in sporting activities where they participate in motorbike racing competition (Yamaha Motor Co., 2013). The Company aims at promoting sporting activities in Japan, for example, the Japanese Rugby Team. They are actively involved in operating training schools for young sportsmen for yachting, soccer, and rugby. After sale services is another activity that the Yamaha Company offers to its customers. Raw materials and the Manufacturers of Yamaha The products of Yamaha Company are made of metal alloys, wood, and plastic and rubber materials. The Company uses metal alloys in the manufacturing of its pianos, for example, the acoustic pianos that is

The Reality of Work cultures in the Modern Economy Essay

The Reality of Work cultures in the Modern Economy - Essay Example Sennett’s argument is based on the assertion that the flexibilities and the uncertainties of the correct working life are eroding the integrity of the sense of the sustained purpose in the employee’s life in the manner that have existed before in the society (Bradley, 2009). Indeed, the new era of the economy and work inclusive of the globalisation of the work, breaking apart of the bureaucracy and flexibility changes the work values in the most profound manner. As the networks are constantly redefining their characters and structures, the same thing is bound to happen to the employees that work in the episodic work relations and the short-term contracts (Giddens et al., 2000). In Schumpeterian terms, the entrepreneur is served as an ideal Everyman alongside the â€Å"portfolio worker† (Winter, 1984). Sennett asserts that the corroding of the character is the inevitable consequences of the uncertainties that are present in the everyday practices of the vigorous c apitalism of the 1990s. The character of the workers is mainly threatened by the new type of the labour in the modern economy-flexible work (Jessop et al., 1987). Thus, this conforms to Sennett’s assertion that flexibility in the workplace is the main characteristic of the modern working environment. Conversely, it’s true that flexibility brings advantages to the corporations and the enterprises.

Child rights based juvenile justice system in Bangladesh

Child rights based juvenile justice system in Bangladesh Juvenile delinquency is a burning issue and relatively a new phenomenon in the criminal and human rights jurisprudence. The juvenile of the world are innocent, vulnerable, and curious, full of hope, and belongs to thrill, aspirations, ambition and what not. In face the future of the juvenile should be shared and cared in the light of equality, dignity and social justice with a view to protecting and promoting the best interest of the child in general. The situation of juvenile delinquency in Bangladesh is very critical in nature. The Convention on the Rights of the Child and other relevant international standards for dealing with juvenile offenders provides a rough but broadly adequate framework for any national system. However, Bangladesh is lagging behind in implementing international juvenile justice standards and the domestic legal initiatives for the protection of juvenile offenders are not adequate somehow and to some extent, these are not consistent with the spirit of the Conv ention of the Rights of Child. Next to non-implementation of laws, the mindset and approach of the people to child offenders are crucial factors that require attention. This essay at the outset, considers the implications of genuine protection of the rights of juvenile offenders. It also discusses some dilemmas for national legislation and the impact of the relevant international instruments on such legislation. Finally the present study has been carried to find out how a child rights-based approach can advance to provide true dignity and justice for child offenders in Bangladesh. Historical background of juvenile delinquency: Delinquency was available throughout all the time. In ancient Britain, even seven years old boys were tried, convicted and punished as adults. There was no special treatment for them, a hanging was a hanging. In Norway, for example, a thirteen century penal code specifies that adult might lose both hands if stealing, children only one (The Council of Europe,2004:13). However, United States of America is one of the pioneer countries on juvenile justice. Social reformers started to create special facilities for troubled juveniles in the late nineteenth century. Though Illinois introduced a separate system of criminal justice in 1899, much had changed by 1909 when Judge Julian Mack famously proposed in a Harvard Law Review article that a juvenile offender should be treated as a wise and merciful father handles his own child (Scott and Laurence, 2008:16). Yet the provision of special court and treatment was soon replicated throughout the country and spread aboard in Britain(1908), France (1912), Spain(1918), The Netherlands(1921)(The Innocenti Digest, 1997:10) Today most of the states of the United Nations have a separate court system for the children accused of an offence. They have the right to treatment that takes full account of their age, circumstance and their needs. The courts generally handle two types of juvenile offender: The delinquent child who has committed an act that is a crime for adult under state law. On the other hand, status offenders are considered unruly and uncontrolled beyond their legal guardian (Siegel and Welsh, 2008). A multitude factors exist that contribute to the understanding of what leads to engage in delinquent behavior. It is also true certainly social factors like poverty, illiteracy, broken homes; lack of employment, peer pressure, lack of parental guidance can be the best root causes to explain juvenile delinquency in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh no separate juvenile justice law exists. The 1974 Children Act is the main law concerning children in Bangladesh, but it deals both with children in need of protection/care as well as children in conflict with the law on one hand, other laws, such as the Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure, the Suppression of Violence against Women and Children Act, on the other hand, also contain provisions regarding children in conflict with the law (UNICEF, n.d.).At present, there are three specialized juvenile courts established in the country and three specialized institutions for the detention of child offenders, which have been renamed as the Child Development Centers among them, two centers for boys are located in Tongi and Jessore and the girls centre is in Konabari (ibid) Definition of a juvenile in Bangladesh: contradictions and dilemmas The definition of child is not uniform in the laws of Bangladesh. Different laws have defined children in different ways. According to the section 2(f) of the Children Act 1974 defines a child as a person under the age of sixteen for the purpose of juvenile justice system administration. Nonetheless, UN Convention on the Rights of Children defines as any person under the age of 18 years. In addition the Bengal Vagrancy Act in section 1(3) explains a child as a person less than 14 years. According to the Women and Children Repression Prevention (Special Provisions) Act, 2000 amended in 2003 furthermore, defines a child as a person under the age of 16 years It is indeed to say that as far as proper functioning of the juvenile justice system is concerned the determination of age is extremely important. However in regard to criminal offence committed by a child, the laws in Bangladesh are to some extent ambiguous. To determine the age of criminal responsibility section 82 of the Penal Code 1860 says that nothing would be an offence, which is done by a child under nine. Surprisingly in the same statute section 83 provides, nothing is an offence which is done by a child above seven years of age and under twelve who has attained sufficient maturity to understand the nature and consequence of the act'(Ministry of Law and Parliamentary Affairs, Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh 1860). So it is one of the difficulties of criminal justice policy to provide the legal mechanism to reflect the transition from the age of childhood innocence and through the maturity and the full responsibility under the criminal law. The article 40 CRC asks the states to establish a minimum age below which children shall be presumed not to have the capacity to infringe the penal law (Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989). The treaty does not spell out at which precise age the line should be drawn though committee monitoring the implementation of the Convention has expressed the concern about the low age in several countries (Hammarberg 2008:194). Rule 4.1 of the Beijing Rules provides, in those legal systems recognizing the concept of the age of criminal responsibility for juveniles, the beginning of that age shall not be fixed at too low an age level, bearing in mind the facts of emotional, mental and intellectual maturity (United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice, 1985). These international standards unfortunately are not followed in the courts of Bangladesh as there is no uniformity in the definition of a child. In concern with this the Committee on the Rights of the Child in its concluding observations of 2003 expressed over the limited progress achieved in establishing a functioning juvenile justice system throughout the country(UNICEF, n.d.). International legal framework for a child rights oriented juvenile justice: The major international conventions dealing with juvenile justice secures the protection of a child in conflict with law and urges for special action in accordance with the nature and circumstance of the offence. Juvenile justice has become an international issue with the UNCRC coming into force in 1990. Articles 37 clearly states, No child shall be subjected to torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishmentEvery child deprived of liberty shall be treated with humanity and respect for the inherent dignity of the human person, and in a manner which takes into account the needs of persons of his or her age (Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989). In addition, article 40 connotes, States Parties recognize the right of every child accused of infringing the penal law shall be treated in a manner consistent with the promotion of the childs sense of dignity and worth, which takes into account the childs age and the desirability of promoting the childs reintegration in society (ibid). These special provisions also focus on several rights like, right to be informed, rights to a fair trial, right to legal assistance and so forth. This convention is binding legally on Banglad esh and operates as hard international law. Apart from CRC, there are three other important UN sponsored documents dealing explicitly with the standards and guidelines for the treatment of children coming with the conflict of law. The Beijing Rules conveys the basic procedural safeguards for a juvenile offender, such as the presumption of innocence, the right to be notified of the charges, the right to remain silent, the right to counsel, the right to the presence of a parent or guardian, the right to confront and cross-examine witnesses and the right to appeal to a higher authority (United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice, 1985). Riyadh Guidelines moreover, call for a child centered orientation and child development perspective to prevent delinquency that directly refers to adoption of the preventive policies facilitating the successful socialization and integration of all children and young persons, in particular through the family, the community, peer groups, schools, vocational trai ning and the world of work as well as through voluntary organizations (Krech,1998), whereas the other charter urges for a juvenile justice system that should uphold the rights and safety and promote the physical and mental well-being of juveniles (UN Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of Liberty, 1990). Besides, there are additional documents which are often referred to in any discussion on Juvenile Justice, for instance, Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners of 1955, UN standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures of 1999 etc. It is important to note that Bangladesh is not a signatory party of these international instruments for juvenile justice, but it is morally bound with the provision of these guidelines and directions for the betterment of the juvenile. . Human rights violation of the juveniles in conflict with law in Bangladesh: In Bangladesh, according to the Children Act 1974 and also the Code of Criminal Procedure, children can only tried by juvenile court and no trial can be held with the adults. The trial shall be held in camera i.e. only people directly involved in the case and officer of the courts can be present during the trial. Even the report of the probation officer or any other report considered by the court shall be treated as confidential and publication of report of the proceedings, photograph of the child leading directly and indirectly the identity of such child is prohibited. But these provisions have been rarely followed in trying a juvenile delinquent. The juvenile justice system in the country remains in a chaotic situation as there are dozens of judgments convicting the youth offenders under the Children Act 1974, although there cannot be any punishment to children under 16(The Daily Star,2007) If it appears to the court the accused is a child, the court shall make an inquiry to determine the age of the child. In the absence of birth registration practice, the judicial officers have to depend on mere speculation or, medical certificates of the child. Section 48 states that if a child arrested is under 16 years old, the police officer may release him on bail (The Children Act 1974). But the reality tells something else. A study by Odhikar it was found that in 2001 in Dhaka Central Jail 7% of the children arrested with adults on suspicion under section 54 of the Code of the Criminal procedure 1898 had been in custody for more than 2 years (Chowdhury, 2006). In 2002, a 14year old boy was released from prison in December after two and half year in custody. The child was arrested in a blanket sweep against criminals and never charged with any offence (US Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, 2004).In July, 2005 the Dhaka Metropolitan Magistrate Court released a nine year s old boy from criminal case after investigators from a local human rights organization noticed him during a regular prison visit (US Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, 2005). After the arrest of the child, neither the probation officers are informed by the police nor are the guardians found with the help of probation officers. For the protection of best interest no child would be tried, detained with adults and sentenced with life imprisonment. Nonetheless, the issue of joint trial of a child with an adult has been in a number of cases. For example, in Shiplu and another vs. State (1997), Shiplu a boy of 14 years old was tried with his mother for killing a woman under section 302 under the Penal Code 1860. They were convicted with the District Court and sentenced to imprisonment for life. In the appeal preferred by Shiplu, the conviction of the trial court was invoked by appellants advocate to be set aside for two reasons, Shiplu was a child at the time of the trial and the trial of him was not taken place in a juvenile court. Therefore the Appellate court accepted the disposition of the appellants lawyer and issued an order that the conviction as given b y the District court would be set aside. In reference with this, a report shows approximately 347 children were imprisoned (some with their mothers) despite laws prohibiting the imprisonment of minors (US Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, 2009) The governments human rights record remained poor, and the government appeared to be inactive to assist the rights of the child offender. Even other concerned authorities including the judges of the court seem to be very careless to take into account the domestic laws of Bangladesh. In 2004, a 3-year-old child, accused in an attempted murder case, surrendered before Court of Chief Metropolitan Magistrate and prayed for bail (The Daily Star,2004). A research conducted on ten child offender sentenced under the Penal code in Bangladesh shows that the youthful offenders were kept in the jail custody with the adult prisoners and most of them were detained in the District Jail not in the child development centers, even no probation officer visited them during the pendency of the legal procedures (Malik, 2007:41-42) If a child has been kept in the child development centre, he can exercise his rights to education, leisure; participate in training, cultural activities and so on, unfortunately poor administrative and logistic support lead to a hindrance to protect the best interest of the child in such centers. The probation officers dont submit the report to assess the improvement of children regularly and the inmates are not produced on the scheduled day before the court (Khan and Rahman, 2008:83-84) As Bangladesh is one of the state parties of the CRC, it is obligatory for the state to undertake all appropriate legislative, administrative, and other measures for the implementation of the rights of the children in conflict with law. The child rights oriented juvenile system does fit to a country like Bangladesh to fulfill, protect and promote the rights of the children. Though there are some challenges still remaining, I would like to argue that child rights based juvenile justice framework would be very reliable to explore youth justice in Bangladesh through transparent use of resources, CRC centered policies and the collaboration of the actors. What is a child rights based juvenile justice system: The initial idea behind a juvenile justice system is that children in trouble with the law should be helped rather than punished. Central to the concept of the juvenile court was the principle of parens patriae. This means that instead of lawyers fighting to decide guilt or innocence the court would act as parent or guardian interested in helping the child (Family law,n.d.). The child rights based juvenile justice is a holistic approach basically prioritizes the principles of non discrimination and equality (article 2, CRC), well being of the child (Article 3, CRC), and participation, voice and volunteerism (article 12, CRC). It implies the progressive realization of the rights of the juvenile offender through the separate judicial mechanism and special treatment with a view to facilitating human dignity and integrity. It hold the powerful accountable to come up with the child centered legislations and policies and allocate budget and more resources for the delinquent. The child rights based juvenile justice seeks to improve the quality, responsiveness and relevance of the institutions and services like child oriented judiciary and probation office, well equipped correctional centers etc. Besides, a child friendly juvenile justice framework intends to change awareness, attitudes, behavior, practices, norms, and values in the society by the sensitization and training of different sections. However a question can come into play whether the offender would go unpunished in this framework. The procedures under a child rights based approach may recognize the damage to the victim and it should make the juvenile offender understand that the deed was not acceptable (Hammarberg 2008:194). But the main difference with the ordinary criminal justice is that child rights juvenile system doesnt advocate for retributive procedure and encourages to establish responsibility of the actors to promote rehabilitation and re-integration (ibid). Tools of structuring rights based juvenile justice system: Child rights juvenile justice needs a wide range of tools to achieve concrete and sustainable results for children wellbeing. It works to get duty bearer to fulfill their obligation and to support children to claim their rights. The State is required to render appropriate assistance additionally to parents and legal guardians in the performance of their child-rearing responsibilities, thus ensuring that the capacity of families to act as the first line of protection of children is enhanced (Pais, 1999:13). Initiating legal reforms: Necessary amendments in regard to the national juvenile laws need to be brought into the line with the standard laid down by CRC. For instance, under the Children Act urgent reforms should be made to consider everyone below the age of eighteen years (Khan and Rahman, 2008:103). In Uganda, specialized family and children courts with informal settings and speedy trial procedure have been established for rehabilitating the children in the society (Roy and Wong, 2006:45).In Bangladesh the national legislation doesnt recognize the principle of diversion that needs to be maintained with the provision of community based rehabilitation, NGOs involvement, etc, even it does not urge for the establishment of a child ombudsman office. These legal reforms are in the core of child rights based youth justice. However, Bangladesh government started to concentrate to a new national social policy on models of care and protection for children in conflict with the law has been drafted to address both ch ildren in conflict with the law and children in children of protection (Ahmed and Islam, 2010:281). Providing adequate legal aid: Most of the children who come in conflict with law in Bangladesh come from very poor families who dont have the ability to engage counsel for their defense. Article 40, UNCRC notes that he child is entitled to have legal or other appropriate assistance in the preparation and presentation to defend him. In accordance with the convention the strategy under child rights model accounts the government to provide free legal assistance to the vulnerable children to ensure the fair and prompt trial. Child friendly Court environment: In Bangladesh, in the children development centres there are separate courts for children which are in comparison to other criminal courts more favorable for the children. But very few cases are heard there. Majority of the cases tries in the ordinary criminal court with adverse court environment and the required special procedure specified in the Children Act is not followed. The child is not heard and he is not allowed to participate in the court proceedings as well. The child rights oriented court system identifies the duty of police, judge, and public prosecutor and broadly the governments by allocating resources and providing trained actors(judges, police etc) to compose an informal court environment that secures the participation of the children and secondly promotes the establishment of laws, procedure in favor them in coordination with article 40(3), CRC. Serving facilities in the juvenile development centers: The centers in Bangladesh lack facilities for correctional activities. The curriculum for the vocational training is not up to date, the instructors are not skilled enough and the officials lack skill to deal with the children who need special care and attention. One 10year old boy was found killed in the Juvenile Development Centre with his throat slit and another one reportedly died in a clash between prisoners'(Odhikar,2008:2). In this context, the juvenile rights based youth justice demands to incorporate counseling, modern trade for the correction centres and arrangement of training for the centre employees including the probation officer. Duty of the NGOs, INGOs and Social Welfare Departments: The NGOs with shelter home can secure the protection of a child in conflict with law. They have the duty to provide free legal aid and act on behalf of a juvenile. In Vietnam Save the Children (Sweden) approached by the Ministry of Justice for technical assistance developed the capacity of staff in various relevant agencies like police, prosecutors, judge and the officials of mass organization and initiated programs to ensure familiarity with UNCRC, international standard, divergence between police policy and practice on the ground(Roy and Wong,2006:76).The new child rights concept involves a shift to justice and entitlement of the children and acknowledges immediate survival and development of them by making the duty holder accountable. So, the probation officers under the Social Welfare Department are bound to exercise their power and perform their duties properly to train the offender and rehabilitate them in society. Necessity of training and sensitization: Protection of the best interest of the child by community service: The Beijing Rules specify care, guidance, probation services, and community services as non custodial sentencing options in section 18. In accordance with the international norms, community service asks the child to provide service to the community as means of punishment or restitution and allows juveniles to remain with their families. The rights focused juvenile justice can address the community service in Bangladesh as a meaningful method in which young people can see the benefits of their works Inter-agency collaboration: Children justice plannings in Bangladesh seek the involvement of a wide range of people from various institutions, government department and the society including judiciary, police, probation officer, stakeholders, community leaders, social welfare personnel, staff of UNICEF to promote the integration of a child offender. International guidelines emphasis the importance of inter ministerial and inter departmental coordination to improve the quality of institutional treatment of the children as well (section 26, The Beijing Rule and section 60, Riyadh Guidelines) Challenges to develop a child rights based juvenile justice model in Bangladesh: To me, it is relative early stage to build up a child focused juvenile justice system successfully. Ideologically it is associated with neo-liberal agenda and in Bangladesh context; some encounters may hinder the process of the development of rights based approach to youth justice in Bangladesh. Lack of available resources: This approach binds the government with their effective efforts to promote the rights of a child offender inside and outside the court by the maximum use of resource. Establishing well functioning juvenile courts and national council for children, effective mechanism for birth registration programs and other promotional activities demand a high profile budget which may slow down the process of child development. Absence of coordination among stakeholders: In Bangladesh different stakeholders have been carrying out many activities in the area of pro child manner juvenile justice. Though the enthusiasm is high, these activities have often been proved to be sporadic in nature due to the lack of coordination among them. Deficiency in monitoring role of authorities: In the courts of Bangladesh there is no provision as well as facilities to monitor the progress of the dispositional orders. Thats why when the child is placed out at home, it becomes almost impossible to supervise his condition whether he gets involved with another offence or he is able to enjoy his rights. Lack of political will or commitment of the duty bearers with limited public accountability: I like to conclude that there is a light of hope that during the recent years government and other NGOs have been working hard to improve the human rights condition of the child offender. The juvenile correctional centres, which were, in practical terms, jails for young boys allegedly involved in criminal activities, were transformed into child development centres that tried to promote more humane approaches towards treating the children in the centres and to acknowledge their role as active citizens( Judge,2007:28).. However the government intends to consider those children who are detained in jail, not the children who have been back in their families (Khan and Rahman, 2008:103). However the rights oriented approach does not allow separation among the children and reveals to aid the best interest of child regardless of their birthplace or status Therefore I like to reckon that it is an approach that can be successfully filtered to inspire, persuade and support states in discharging their obligation to juvenile offenders rights in Bangladesh.

Asean

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has plans to fast track the integration of its member countries over the next few years. Aside from encouraging cooperation through traditional diplomatic and cultural activities, there are also ambitious proposals for ASEAN to issue a single visa and currency, and even form a united regional Olympic team. The advantages of a united ASEAN are easy to imagine. A cohesive ASEAN would likely bring tremendous benefits to Southeast Asians in the forms of more jobs, more tourists, stronger defense forces and improved camaraderie among competing neighbors.Besides, who would oppose the idea of unity and greater economic coordination in the region? But ASEAN’s basic problem is not merely an absence of unity. Wasn’t unity the main objective of ASEAN when it was established in 1967? The fact that after four decades, the group is still pushing to integrate its ten member countries suggests a pretty significant failure to foster sol idarity in the region. Without undermining the laudable efforts of the ASEAN Secretariat, many doubt it can realize the One Community vision by its announced target date of 2015.How can it, if it continues to use the same approach that has singularly failed to unite its members to date? ASEAN unity will remain an impossible vision as long as its members continue to demand it for the wrong reasons. In truth, each member nation views its association with ASEAN as a means to pursue its national interests. Sacrificing the national agenda to realize the regional good is largely an alien concept to ASEAN members. Member nations are in favor of unity as long as it doesn’t conflict with their respective national objectives.To be sure, ASEAN has successfully coordinated aid and relief efforts when natural disasters have devastated the region. But the group should be more than the region’s answer to Red Cross. But such instances are usually when ASEAN unity is invoked, namely, w hen a member is overwhelmed by a problem it can’t solve or when it is affected by a neighbor’s woes. Today, for example, we hear demands for ASEAN to intervene in Burma’s Rohingya Dilemma, maritime disputes in the South China Sea or West Philippine Sea, and human trafficking across the region.ASEAN’s next step will most likely be to decide whether to issue a joint statement to address these issues. In the absence of disasters, and in between ministerial conferences, however, ASEAN has failed to engage in the essential task of building regional unity. ASEAN hasn’t even been able to prevent members from accusing each other of being bad neighbors. East Timor’s attempts to join the club have been blocked by Singapore, among others, which view its entry as a threat to their national interests, although the reason given to the public is usually East Timor’s internal conflicts.Ultimately, ASEAN’s unwillingness to form a more united an d powerful regional grouping has been exploited by global powers like the United States, China and Japan, which are aggressively promoting their geopolitical interests in the region. A unified ASEAN could challenge the political and economic resources of these big nations. Instead, each ASEAN member has preferred to negotiate individually. It’s tragic enough that ASEAN is not united.It’s more tragic to hear ASEAN members articulate and advance the interests of non-ASEAN superpowers during ASEAN summits. At the minimum, a united ASEAN could prevent colonial powers old and new from dominating the region. But that’s just a start. After asserting its independence, it would be great to see ASEAN aspire to become a global power in its own right. With this vision in mind, perhaps it’s time to unite and promote the Southeast Asian way of life as a viable alternative to the world. Asean The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has plans to fast track the integration of its member countries over the next few years. Aside from encouraging cooperation through traditional diplomatic and cultural activities, there are also ambitious proposals for ASEAN to issue a single visa and currency, and even form a united regional Olympic team. The advantages of a united ASEAN are easy to imagine. A cohesive ASEAN would likely bring tremendous benefits to Southeast Asians in the forms of more jobs, more tourists, stronger defense forces and improved camaraderie among competing neighbors.Besides, who would oppose the idea of unity and greater economic coordination in the region? But ASEAN’s basic problem is not merely an absence of unity. Wasn’t unity the main objective of ASEAN when it was established in 1967? The fact that after four decades, the group is still pushing to integrate its ten member countries suggests a pretty significant failure to foster sol idarity in the region. Without undermining the laudable efforts of the ASEAN Secretariat, many doubt it can realize the One Community vision by its announced target date of 2015.How can it, if it continues to use the same approach that has singularly failed to unite its members to date? ASEAN unity will remain an impossible vision as long as its members continue to demand it for the wrong reasons. In truth, each member nation views its association with ASEAN as a means to pursue its national interests. Sacrificing the national agenda to realize the regional good is largely an alien concept to ASEAN members. Member nations are in favor of unity as long as it doesn’t conflict with their respective national objectives.To be sure, ASEAN has successfully coordinated aid and relief efforts when natural disasters have devastated the region. But the group should be more than the region’s answer to Red Cross. But such instances are usually when ASEAN unity is invoked, namely, w hen a member is overwhelmed by a problem it can’t solve or when it is affected by a neighbor’s woes. Today, for example, we hear demands for ASEAN to intervene in Burma’s Rohingya Dilemma, maritime disputes in the South China Sea or West Philippine Sea, and human trafficking across the region.ASEAN’s next step will most likely be to decide whether to issue a joint statement to address these issues. In the absence of disasters, and in between ministerial conferences, however, ASEAN has failed to engage in the essential task of building regional unity. ASEAN hasn’t even been able to prevent members from accusing each other of being bad neighbors. East Timor’s attempts to join the club have been blocked by Singapore, among others, which view its entry as a threat to their national interests, although the reason given to the public is usually East Timor’s internal conflicts.Ultimately, ASEAN’s unwillingness to form a more united an d powerful regional grouping has been exploited by global powers like the United States, China and Japan, which are aggressively promoting their geopolitical interests in the region. A unified ASEAN could challenge the political and economic resources of these big nations. Instead, each ASEAN member has preferred to negotiate individually. It’s tragic enough that ASEAN is not united.It’s more tragic to hear ASEAN members articulate and advance the interests of non-ASEAN superpowers during ASEAN summits. At the minimum, a united ASEAN could prevent colonial powers old and new from dominating the region. But that’s just a start. After asserting its independence, it would be great to see ASEAN aspire to become a global power in its own right. With this vision in mind, perhaps it’s time to unite and promote the Southeast Asian way of life as a viable alternative to the world.

Compae

Today the United States of America has a very large constructed government that has been influenced through the ages. The Greeks romans and Judeo-Christian traditions had the biggest impact on our government today though due to the way they began their governments. Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian cultures had similar ideas about laws and individual duties that have influenced us today. The Greeks just like United States use three branches of government, they carry out laws through their executive branch and the legislative branch passes laws.The leader was chosen by lot today the president is chosen by popular vote. Judeo-Christian, Greek and Roman cultures also had differences in their views of law, reason and faith and individual responsibilities. In Judeo-Christian law, reason and faith are based on the Word of God. They believe in only one God, saying he is the creator of all things. Greco-Roman beliefs dealt with more logic. Philosophers like Plato and Aristotle believed in a su preme God but this was because of mythology where the people preferred to create their own gods.As far as law and reason, in Greece; philosophy ruled and in Roman the opinion of Caesar ruled. Greeks viewed law as something that was developed by common sense and over time through civilized logic and experience. Jews and Christians viewed laws as coming from a god. The duties of individuals under Judeo-Christian view is to love the Lord your God with all your heart and all you mind and all your soul and to love your neighbor as yourself. Greco-Roman is that only Roman citizens are to be considered people and treated as people.Greeks considered those outside of Athens to be ignorant and not worth their time. These three cultures have influenced the way we think about laws even now today. We use the Judeo-Christians ideas about individual worth, ethical controllers, and the need to fight injustice. These ideals continue to be extremely important to United States government still today. This all taught us that representation and citizen participation are important features of democratic governments around the world. Romans were the first ones to give the world an idea of a republic.They had the first written legal code and idea that this code should be applied equally and impartially to all citizens. On the other hand the Greeks invented the first democracy in the ancient world. All in all these three cultures of Greek, Roman, and Judeo-Christian had one thing in common; they all influenced our government today. Even though all of them are extremely different and have different ideas based on law, faith, and tradition they are all a lot alike. They are all influential in positive ways and we owe it all to them for creating the government we have today in the United States.

Business Law Essay - 2149 Words

In the case in the text where someone purchased a used safe at an auction for $50, but was later found by the buyers to contain more than $30,000 in cash, how did the court rule? a. There was no contract because the buyer was unjustly enriched. b. There was no contract because the act of opening the safe was not completed before the buyers took the safe. c. This was an implied-in-fact contract and the buyers were required to pay the fair value for the safe and its contents. d. There was objective intent that the parties intended that the safe, and whatever might be in it, be sold for a price of $50. D [moderate p. 196] 56. The doctrine that applies when one person confers a benefit on another who retains the benefit in a†¦show more content†¦B [moderate p. 194] 65. Frank says to Mary, â€Å"If you wash every window in my house today, I’ll pay you $200. I don’t care if you do it, but there is $200 in it for you if you do.† Mary washes 12 of the 20 windows in Frank’s house by 2:00 p.m. At this point: a. Frank can revoke his offer to pay Mary the $200 for washing the windows. 129 b. Mary is obligated to finish washing the windows. c. Mary has formed a contract by beginning to wash the windows. d. There is no contract yet in this situation. D [difficult pp. 194-195] 66. Janet pulls her car into a line for a car wash. Janet says nothing and her car is washed by the employees there. Janet then refuses to pay for the car wash, stating that there is no contract. What would the results be in a lawsuit over this situation? a. Janet wins; because she said nothing, there can be no contract. b. Car wash wins; this is an express, unilateral contract that has been accepted. c. Janet wins; because the car wash made no promise to wash her car, there is no contract. d. Car wash wins; this is an implied-in-fact contract that has been accepted. 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The issue of this case will be whether James can hold Happy Holiday Hotel responsible for the loss of his property notwithstanding the exemption clause found in the hotel rooms. Under the Exemption Clauses in Common Law, it states that in order for this clause to be valid, the clause must be included in the contract when the contract is made. If there is any attempt to include it in after theRead MoreBusiness Law1088 Words   |  5 Pagesconditional constitute consideration? Yes, such a promise consideration even if the condition is unlikely to occur. 3. What is the general rule about the adequacy of consideration? The adequacy of the consideration is irrelevant because the law does not prohibit bargains. 5. Is there consideration when a secured note for a lesser amount is given and accepted in discharge of an unsecured note for a greater amount? Explain. No, because if a secured not for a lesser amount is given andRead MoreBusiness Law2474 Words   |  10 Pagesnature of liability in negligence amp; (3.3) Explain how a business can be vicariously liable 4 (4.1) Apply the elements of the tort of negligence and defences in the above different business situations for the legal officer who is assigned to VJSC amp; (4.2) Apply the elements of vicarious liability in above different business situations for the legal officer who is assigned to VJSC 8 Conclusion 11 References 12 Introduction Law plays important roles to protect benefits, obligations and